Make the substrate yourself, the raw materials can choose cow dung, bacteria sticks, bagasse, etc., you can choose according to the situation. Different from vermicompost, when these raw materials are used for soilless cultivation, they cannot be used directly and need to be fermented in advance before they can be put into the planting tank. When fermenting organic fertilizers, many farmers stack manure or straw together, then add water to cover the plastic film, and let it ferment naturally at high temperature. Generally, the high temperature period takes two months, and some cannot be completely decomposed, which is harmful to the growth of crops. In order to avoid these situations, two aspects should be paid attention to when the soilless culture substrate is fermented.
1. Use biological starter.
Let's take cow dung as an example. The starter contains a variety of fungi, which can not only speed up the rate of decomposing, but also have a high degree of decomposing, low cost, and unlimited fermentation temperature. Therefore, it is better to add a biological starter when dealing with the substrate, and the effect is better.
2. Add urea.
When cow dung is fermented, one side should add 20 catties of urea to change the carbon-nitrogen ratio, which is more suitable for vegetable growth. After mastering the method, you can also make the base yourself. When processing the substrates such as cow dung and bacteria sticks, first add water to the raw materials to the extent that they can be held into a ball without dripping water. Mix urea and manure, add biological bacteria to dissolve in water and mix the raw materials evenly. Fermentation raw materials, cow dung, biological bacteria, and water are the materials needed to make the substrate. After mixing evenly, they are stacked together, generally at a height of about one meter, and the upper part is covered with a layer of plastic film to prevent rain. However, there is no need to cover the material around it, and it is necessary to keep it breathable. At the same time, after the temperature is raised, the raw materials are turned over again. Basically, after warming up, the fermentation can be completed in about 20 days.